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Non-smooth dynamics induced by switches, impacts, sliding, and other abrupt changes are pervasive in physics, biology, and engineering. Yet, systems with non-smooth dynamics have historically received far less attention compared to their smooth counterparts. The classic “Bristol book” [di Bernardo et al., Piecewise-smooth Dynamical Systems. Theory and Applications (Springer-Verlag, 2008)] contains a 2008 state-of-the-art review of major results and challenges in the study of non-smooth dynamical systems. In this paper, we provide a detailed review of progress made since 2008. We cover hidden dynamics, generalizations of sliding motion, the effects of noise and randomness, multi-scale approaches, systems with time-dependent switching, and a variety of local and global bifurcations. Also, we survey new areas of application, including neuroscience, biology, ecology, climate sciences, and engineering, to which the theory has been applied.